Publications

2014
Freeman RB, Huang W. Collaboration: Strength in Diversity. Nature. 2014;513 (7518) :305. Publisher's Version
Zucker LG, Darby MD, Freeman RB. “Melding Economic and Social to Understand Evolution and Impact of High Technology,”. Annals of Economics and Statistics. 2014 :115-16.
Freeman RB, Viarengo M. School and Family Effects on Educational Outcomes Across Countries. Economic Policy. 2014;29 (79).Abstract

This study analyzes the link between student test scores and the school students attend, the policies and practices of the schools, students’ family background and their parents’ involvement in their education using data from the 2009 wave of the Program for International Student Assessment. We find that 1) a substantial proportion of the variation of test scores within countries is associated with the school students attend; 2) a sizable proportion of the school fixed effects is associated with school policies and teaching practices beyond national policies or other mechanisms that sort students of differing abilities among schools; 3) school fixed effects are a major pathway for the link between family background and test scores. The implication is that what schools do is important in the level and dispersion of test scores, suggesting the value of further analysis of what goes in schools to pin down causal links between policies and practices and test score outcomes.

school_and_family_effects_on_educational_outcomes_across_countries_w-viarengo_ms-under-revision_9-23-13.doc
Who Owns the Robots Rules the World. IZA World of Labor. 2014;May. Publisher's Version
2012
and Kricheli-Katz DBGT ed. (Some) Inequality Is Good for You,” Part II in The New Gilded Age: The Critical Inequality Debates of Our Time, D. B. Grusky and T. Kricheli-Katz (eds) (Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ Press, 2012. ISBN: 9780804759366): 63-87. In: The New Gilded Age: The Critical Inequality Debates of Our Time. Stanford University Press ; 2012. pp. 63-87. some_inequality_is_good_for_you_proofs_all_pages_including_corrections_12-29-11.pdf
Chi W, Freeman R, Li H. “Adjusting to Really Big Changes: The Labor Market in China 1989-2009,” . In: The Chinese Economy: A New Transition. Vol. 4. Palgrave-Macmillan for IEA ; 2012. pp. 93-113.Abstract

China's emerging labor market was buffeted by changes in demand and supply and institutional changes in the last two decades. Using the Chinese Urban Household Survey data from 1989 to 2009, our study shows that the market responded with substantial changes in the structure of wages and in employment and types of jobs that workers obtained that mirrors the adjustments found in labor markets in advanced economies. However, the one place where the Chinese labor market appears to diverge from the labor markets in advanced countries is the rapid convergence in earnings and occupational positions of cohorts who entered the job market under more or less favorable conditions. On this dimension, China's labor market seems more flexible than those in other countries. Three related factors may explain this pattern: (1) the rapid growth of China's economy; (2) the high rate of employee turnover; (3) the relative weakness of internal labor markets in China. Bottom line, the Chinese labor market has responded about as well as one could expect to the changes in the demand and supply factors and institutional shocks in this critical period in Chinese economic history.

adjusting_to_really_big_changes_the_lm_in_china_1989-2009_w-wei_chi_and_hongbin_li_12-16-11.pdf
What Happened to Shared Prosperity and Full Employment and How to Get Them Back: A Seussian Perspective. In: Reconnecting to Work -- Policies to Mitigate Long-Term Unemployment and Its Consequences . WE Upjohn ; 2012.
2010
Jasso G, Wadhwa V, Gereffi G, Rissing B, Freeman R. How Many Highly Skilled Foreign-Born Are Waiting in Line for U.S. Legal Permanent Residence?. International Migration Review. 2010;44 (2) :477-98. Publisher's Version
Freeman RB, Gelber A. “Prize Structure and Information in Tournaments: Experimental Evidence,” . American Economic Journal: Applied Economics. 2010;2 (1) :149-164. Publisher's VersionAbstract
This paper examines behavior in a tournament in which we vary the tournament prize
structure and the information available about participants' skill at the task of solving mazes. The number of solved mazes is lowest when payments are independent of performance; higher when a single, large prize is given; and highest when multiple, differentiated prizes are given. This result is strongest when we inform participants about the number of mazes they and others solved in a pre-tournament round. Some participants reported that they solved more mazes than they actually solved, and this misreporting also peaked with multiple differentiated prizes.
prize_structure_and_information_in_tournaments_-_experimental_evidence_ms_freeman-gelber.pdf
Freeman R. What Does Global Expansion of Higher Education Mean for the United States?. In: American Universities in a Global Market. University of Chicago Press for NBER ; 2010. pp. 373-404. Publisher's Version
Freeman R, Blasi J, Mackin C, Kruse D. Creating a Bigger Pie? The Effects of Employee Ownership, Profit Sharing, and Stock Options on Workplace Performance. . In: Shared Capitalism at Work: Employee Ownership, Profit and Gain Sharing, and Broad-based Stock Options. Chicago: University of chicago Press ; 2010.
2009
Dube A, Freeman R. Complementarity of Shared Compensation and Decision-Making Systems: Evidence from the American Labor Market. In: Shared Capitalism: The Economic Issues. Russell Sage Foundation for NBER ; 2009.
Chang T, Chiang H, Freeman RB. Supporting ‘The Best and Brightest’ in Science and Engineering: NSF Graduate Research Fellowships. In: Science and Engineering Careers in the United States: An Analysis of Markets and Employment. University of Chicago Press for NBER ; 2009.
Reenan JV, Freeman R. What If Congress Doubled R&D Spending on the Physical Sciences?. In: Innovation Policy and the Economy Volume 9. University of Chicago Press, Journals Division ; 2009.
Freeman R. Labor Regulations, Unions, and Social Protection in Developing Countries: Market Distortion or Efficient Institutions. In: Handbook of Development Economics. North Holland: Ellsevier, BV ; 2009.
Freeman R. Helping Workers Online and Offline: Innovations in Union and Worker Organization Using the Internet. In: Studies in Labor Market Intermediation. University of Chicago Press ; 2009. Publisher's Version
Shared Capitalism: at Work: Employee Ownership, Profit and Gain Sharing, and Broad-based Stock Options
Freeman R, Blasi J, Kruse D. Shared Capitalism: at Work: Employee Ownership, Profit and Gain Sharing, and Broad-based Stock Options. University of Chicago Press; 2009. Publisher's VersionAbstract
The historical relationship between capital and labor has evolved in the past few decades. One particularly noteworthy development is the rise of shared capitalism, a system in which workers have become partial owners of their firms and thus, in effect, both employees and stockholders. Profit sharing arrangements and gain-sharing bonuses, which tie compensation directly to a firm’s performance, also reflect this new attitude toward labor. Shared Capitalism at Work analyzes the effects of this trend on workers and firms. The contributors focus on four main areas: the fraction of firms that participate in shared capitalism programs in the United States and abroad, the factors that enable these firms to overcome classic free rider and risk problems, the effect of shared capitalism on firm performance, and the impact of shared capitalism on worker well-being. This volume provides essential studies for understanding the increasingly important role of shared capitalism in the modern workplace.
Science and Engineering Careers in the United States
Freeman R, Goroff DL. Science and Engineering Careers in the United States. University of Chicago Press; 2009. Publisher's VersionAbstract
Beginning in the early 2000s, there was an upsurge of national concern over the state of the science and engineering job market that sparked a plethora of studies, commission reports, and a presidential initiative, all stressing the importance of maintaining American competitiveness in these fields. Science and Engineering Careers in the United States is the first major academic study to probe the issues that underlie these concerns. This volume provides new information on the economics of the postgraduate science and engineering job market, addressing such topics as the factors that determine the supply of PhDs, the career paths they follow after graduation, and the creation and use of knowledge as it is reflected by the amount of papers and patents produced. A distinguished team of contributors also explores the tensions between industry and academe in recruiting graduates, the influx of foreign-born doctorates, and the success of female doctorates. Science and Engineering Careers in the United States will raise new questions about stimulating innovation and growth in the American economy.

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