In 1994, Amado Padilla used the phrase ‘cultural taxation’ to describe the extra burden of service responsibilities placed upon minority faculty members because of their racial or ethnic background. In this paper, we expand upon Padilla’s work and introduce the concept of ‘identity taxation’ to encompass how other marginalised social identities (such as gender, race and gender, and sexual orientation) may result in additional non-academic service commitments for certain faculty. Using qualitative interviews with faculty members at a large, public university in the Midwest, we examine identity taxation involving gender and the intersection of gender and race to demonstrate how women faculty (in general) and women of colour (specifically) feel their gender and racial group memberships influence their experiences in academia.

Immigration reform and the various costs
associated with undocumented immigration have been in
national headlines in the past few years. The growth of
Latinos as the US’ largest ethno-racial minority has
sparked debates about the ‘‘browning’’ of the United States
and led to an increase in anti-immigrant discrimination.
While some researchers have documented the effects of
racial discrimination on the mental health of ethno-racial
minorities in the United States, less has explored how antiimmigrant
discrimination and undocumented status influence
the mental and psychological well-being of Latino
immigrants, more specifically Brazilian immigrants, in the
United States. Relying on data from in-depth interviews
conducted with 49 Brazilian return migrants who immigrated
to the United States and subsequently returned
to Brazil, this paper will examine how their experiences
living as racialized and primarily undocumented immigrants
in the United States influenced their mental health.
Specifically, I demonstrate that respondents experienced
ethno-racial and anti-immigrant discrimination and endured
various challenges that had negative implications for their
mental health. This paper will also discuss additional factors
that researchers should take into account when
examining immigrants’ mental health and the challenges
immigrants encounter in a racialized society with increasing
anti-immigrant sentiment.

There has been a marginal increase in the number of racial minorities
among college and university faculty, yet current attacks on affirmative
action and prevailing attitudes about the inferiority of non-white faculty
place an extra burden on these individuals in academia. Amado Padilla
(1994) introduced the concept of ‘cultural taxation’ to describe this
burden where additional responsibilities are placed upon non-white
faculty because of their ethno-racial backgrounds. These responsibilities
include serving on numerous committees, advising larger numbers of
students and serving as ‘departmental experts’ for their particular ethnoracial
group. These expectations of non-white faculty are not placed as
heavily upon white faculty, can impede career progress and affect job
satisfaction. In this paper, we explore how cultural taxation affects faculty
of colour in a research university. Additionally, we expand the analysis of
cultural taxation to include issues of legitimacy that challenge non-white
faculty’s sense of ‘belonging’ within their respective departments.