@article {667003,
	title = {The Birth of a Nation: Media and Racial Hate},
	journal = {American Economic Review},
	volume = {113},
	number = {6},
	year = {2023},
	pages = {1424-1460},
	abstract = {This paper documents the impact of popular media on racial hate by examining the first American blockbuster: 1915{\textquoteright}s The Birth of a Nation, \&nbsp;a fictional portrayal of the KKK{\textquoteright}s founding rife with racist stereotypes. Exploiting the film{\textquoteright}s five-year "roadshow", I find a sharp spike in lynchings and race riots coinciding with its arrival in a county. Instrumenting for roadshow destinations using the location of theaters prior to the movie{\textquoteright}s release, I show that the film significantly increased local Klan support in the 1920s. Roadshow counties continue to experience higher rates of hate crimes and hate groups a century later.},
	url = {https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.20201867},
	author = {Desmond Ang}
}
