Audrey J Gaskins, Alisha J Rovner, Sunni L Mumford, Edwina Yeung, Richard W Browne, Maurizio Trevisan, Neil J Perkins, Jean Wactawski-Wende, and Enrique F Schisterman. 2010. “
Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and plasma concentrations of lipid peroxidation in premenopausal women.” Am J Clin Nutr, 92, 6, Pp. 1461-7.
AbstractBACKGROUND: A Mediterranean diet has been associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. A possible mechanism is through a decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO); however, evidence linking the Mediterranean diet with lower LPO in premenopausal women is sparse.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with lower LPO concentrations in premenopausal women.
DESIGN: Two hundred fifty-nine healthy women aged 18-44 y were followed for ≤ 2 menstrual cycles. Plasma concentrations of F(2)-isoprostane (8-iso-PGF2α), 9-hydroxyoctadecadieneoic acid (9-HODE), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured ≤ 8 times per cycle at visits scheduled by using fertility monitors. Diet was assessed ≤ 4 times per cycle by using 24-h dietary recalls. The alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED) (range: 0-9) was calculated on the basis of intake of vegetables, legumes, fruit, nuts, whole grains, red and processed meat, fish, and alcohol and the ratio of monounsaturated to saturated fat.
RESULTS: A 1-unit increase in aMED was associated with a 4.50% decrease in 8-iso-PGF2α concentrations (95% CI: -6.32%, -2.65%) and a 14.01% decrease in 9-HODE concentrations (95% CI: -17.88%, -9.96%) after adjustment for energy intake, age, race, body mass index, plasma ascorbic acid, and serum cholesterol. No significant association was observed between aMED and TBARS. A 1-unit increase in aMED was associated with a 1.39% increase (95% CI: 0.07%, 2.72%) in plasma ascorbic acid concentrations.
CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with lower LPO and higher ascorbic acid concentrations. These results confirm that decreased LPO is a plausible mechanism linking a Mediterranean diet to reduced cardiovascular disease risk.
Enrique F Schisterman, Audrey J Gaskins, Sunni L Mumford, Richard W Browne, Edwina Yeung, Maurizio Trevisan, Mary Hediger, Cuilin Zhang, Neil J Perkins, Kathleen Hovey, and Jean Wactawski-Wende. 2010. “
Influence of endogenous reproductive hormones on F2-isoprostane levels in premenopausal women: the BioCycle Study.” Am J Epidemiol, 172, 4, Pp. 430-9.
AbstractEndogenous reproductive hormones and oxidative stress have been independently linked to risk of chronic disease but mostly in postmenopausal women. The interplay between endogenous reproductive hormones and oxidative stress among premenopausal women, however, has yet to be clearly elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between endogenous reproductive hormones and F(2)-isoprostanes in the BioCycle Study. Women aged 18-44 years from western New York State were followed prospectively for up to 2 menstrual cycles (n = 259) during 2005-2007. Estradiol, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, sex hormone-binding globulin, F(2)-isoprostanes, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were measured up to 8 times per cycle at clinic visits timed by using fertility monitors. F(2)-Isoprostane levels had an independent positive association with estradiol (beta = 0.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.01, 0.03) and inverse associations with sex hormone-binding globulin and follicle-stimulating hormone (beta = -0.04, 95% confidence interval: -0.07, -0.003; beta = -0.02, 95% confidence interval: -0.03, -0.002, respectively) after adjustment for age, race, age at menarche, gamma-tocopherol, beta-carotene, total cholesterol, and homocysteine by inverse probability weighting. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, a less specific marker of oxidative stress, had similar associations. If F(2)-isoprostanes are specific markers of oxidative stress, these results call into question the commonly held hypothesis that endogenous estradiol reduces oxidative stress.
Sunni L Mumford, Enrique F Schisterman, Anna Maria Siega-Riz, Richard W Browne, Audrey J Gaskins, Maurizio Trevisan, Anne Z Steiner, Julie L Daniels, Cuilin Zhang, Neil J Perkins, and Jean Wactawski-Wende. 2010. “
A longitudinal study of serum lipoproteins in relation to endogenous reproductive hormones during the menstrual cycle: findings from the BioCycle study.” J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 95, 9, Pp. E80-5.
AbstractCONTEXT: Exogenous estrogens have been shown to affect the lipid profile, leading to the hypothesis that endogenous estrogens may have similar effects.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between endogenous estrogen and serum lipoproteins across the menstrual cycle.
DESIGN: This was a prospective cohort study.
SETTING: The study was conducted at the University at Buffalo, 2005-2007.
PARTICIPANTS: Participants included 259 healthy, regularly menstruating women aged 18-44 yr.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum levels of total, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides measured up to eight times per cycle for up to two cycles were measured.
RESULTS: Total and LDL cholesterol were lower during the luteal phase as compared with the follicular phase (P < 0.001), and HDL levels were highest around ovulation (P < 0.001). More women were classified above the desirable range (LDL > or =130 mg/dl or total cholesterol > or =200 mg/dl) when measured during the follicular phase. Estradiol was positively associated with HDL in acute effects models [beta = 0.019, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.015, 0.022] and inversely associated with total (beta = -0.017, 95% CI -0.020, -0.014) and LDL cholesterol (beta = -0.023, 95% CI -0.027, -0.018) and triglycerides (beta = -0.041, 95% CI -0.054, -0.029) in persistent effects models.
CONCLUSIONS: Endogenous estrogen, like exogenous estrogen, appears to have beneficial effects on the lipid profile. Because lipoprotein cholesterol levels vary across the menstrual cycle, cyclic variations in lipoprotein levels may need to be considered in the design and interpretation of studies in reproductive-age women and in the clinical management of women's cholesterol.
Audrey J Gaskins, Sunni L Mumford, Alisha J Rovner, Cuilin Zhang, Liwei Chen, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Neil J Perkins, and Enrique F Schisterman. 2010. “
Whole grains are associated with serum concentrations of high sensitivity C-reactive protein among premenopausal women.” J Nutr, 140, 9, Pp. 1669-76.
AbstractIn premenopausal women, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations have been associated with an increased risk of negative reproductive outcomes. Whole grain consumption has been associated with lower CRP concentrations in older women; however, less is known about this relationship in younger women. We investigated whether whole grain intake was associated with serum high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) concentrations in young women. BioCycle was a prospective cohort study conducted at the University of Buffalo from 2005 to 2007, which followed 259 healthy women aged 18-44 y for or= 1 serving/d had 12.3% lower hs-CRP concentrations (P = 0.02) compared with nonconsumers. Women who consumed >or= 1 serving/d of whole grain had a lower probability of having moderate (P = 0.008) or elevated (P = 0.001) hs-CRP according to the AHA criteria compared with nonconsumers. Given that elevated concentrations of hs-CRP have been linked to adverse reproductive outcomes and pregnancy complications, interventions targeting whole grain consumption may have the potential to improve health status among young women.