@book {672297,
	title = {The Valediction of Moses: A Proto-Biblical Book},
	year = {2021},
	publisher = {Mohr Siebeck},
	organization = {Mohr Siebeck},
	address = {T{\"u}bingen},
	abstract = {
	Moses Wilhelm Shapira{\textquoteright}s infamous Deuteronomy fragments {\textendash} long believed to be forgeries {\textendash} are authentic ancient manuscripts, and they are of far greater significance than ever imagined. The literary work that these manuscripts preserve {\textendash} which Idan Dershowitz calls {\textquotedblleft}The Valediction of Moses{\textquotedblright} or {\textquotedblleft}V{\textquotedblright} {\textendash} is not based on the book of Deuteronomy. On the contrary, V is a much earlierversion of Deuteronomy. In other words, V is a proto-biblical book, the likes of which has never before been seen. This conclusion is supported by a series of philological analyses, as well as previously unknown archival documents, which undermine the consensus on these manuscripts. An excursus co-authored with Na{\textquoteright}ama Pat-El assesses V{\textquoteright}s linguistic profile, finding it to be consistent with Iron Age epigraphic Hebrew.



	V contains early versions of passages whose biblical counterparts reflect substantial post-Priestly updating. Moreover, unlike the canonical narratives of Deuteronomy, this ancient work shows no signs of influence from the Deuteronomic law code. Indeed, V preserves an earlier, and dramatically different, literary structure for the entire work {\textendash} one that lacks the Deuteronomic law code altogether.



	These findings have significant consequences for the composition history of the Bible, historical linguistics, the history of religion, paleography, archaeology, and more. The volume includes a full critical edition and English translation of V.

},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/45450947/The_Valediction_of_Moses_A_Proto_Biblical_Book}
}
@book {672296,
	title = {The Dismembered Bible: Cutting and Pasting Scripture in Antiquity},
	year = {2021},
	publisher = {Mohr Siebeck},
	organization = {Mohr Siebeck},
	address = {T{\"u}bingen},
	abstract = {It is often presumed that biblical redaction was invariably done using conventional scribal methods, meaning that when editors sought to modify or compile existing texts, they would do so in the process of rewriting them upon new scrolls. There is, however, substantial evidence pointing to an alternative scenario: Various sections of the Hebrew Bible appear to have been created through a process of\&nbsp;material redaction. In some cases, ancient editors simply appended new sheets to existing scrolls. Other times, they literally cut and pasted their sources, carving out patches of text from multiple manuscripts and then gluing them together like a collage. Idan Dershowitz shows how this surprising technique left behind telltale traces in the biblical text {\textendash} especially when the editors made mistakes {\textendash} allowing us to reconstruct their modus operandi. Material evidence from the ancient Near East and elsewhere further supports his hypothesis.},
	url = {https://www.mohrsiebeck.com/en/book/the-dismembered-bible-9783161598616}
}
@article {679466,
	title = {The Valediction of Moses: New Evidence on the Shapira Deuteronomy Fragments},
	journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft (ZAW)},
	volume = {133},
	number = {1},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {1{\textendash}22},
	abstract = {Moses Wilhelm Shapira{\textquoteright}s infamous Deuteronomy fragments have long been deemed forgeries, with Shapira himself serving as the obvious suspect. I provide new evidence that Shapira did not forge the fragments and was himself convinced of their authenticity. Indeed, the evidence for forgery is\&nbsp;illusory. In a companion monograph, I show that the Shapira fragments are not only authen-tic ancient artifacts but are unprecedented in their significance: They preserve a pre-canonical antecedent of the Book of Deuteronomy.},
	url = {https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/zaw-2021-0001/html}
}
@article {564441,
	title = {Mordecai, Son of Yair (Hebrew Bible/Old Testament)},
	journal = {Encyclopedia of the Bible and its Reception (EBR)},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/37330670/Pre-print_Mordecai_Son_of_Jair_Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament_Encyclopedia_of_the_Bible_and_Its_Reception_EBR_},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
@article {564446,
	title = {Naomi (Hebrew Bible/Old Testament)},
	journal = {Encyclopedia of the Bible and its Reception (EBR)},
	volume = {18},
	year = {2021},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/37330691/Pre-print_Naomi_Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament_Encyclopedia_of_the_Bible_and_Its_Reception_EBR_},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
@article {642803,
	title = {Four Unidentified Fragments from 4QJoba (4Q99)},
	journal = {Revue de Qumr{\^a}n},
	year = {2020},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/40513939/Pre-print_Four_Unidentified_Fragments_from_4QJob_a_4Q99_Revue_de_Qumr{\^a}n_RevQ_},
	author = {Rebekka Luther and Idan Dershowitz}
}
@article {642804,
	title = {Response to: {\textquoteleft}Was There Ever an Implicit Acceptance of Male Homosexual Intercourse in Leviticus 18?{\textquoteright} by George M. Hollenback},
	journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft},
	volume = {131},
	number = {4},
	year = {2019},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/40253938/Pre-print_Response_to_Was_There_Ever_an_Implicit_Acceptance_of_Male_Homosexual_Intercourse_in_Leviticus_18_by_George_M._Hollenback_Zeitschrift_f{\"u}r_die_alttestamentliche_Wissenschaft_ZAW_},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
@article {564461,
	title = {Kenath},
	journal = {Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception (EBR)},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/34243526/Kenath_Encyclopedia_of_the_Bible_and_Its_Reception_EBR_},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
@webarticle {564456,
	title = {Darius II Delays the Festival of Matzot in 418 BCE},
	journal = {TheTorah.com: A Historical and Contextual Approach},
	year = {2017},
	url = {http://www.academia.edu/32283101/Darius_II_Delays_the_Festival_of_Matzot_in_418_BCE},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
@article {564466,
	title = {Kenaz, son of Eliphaz; Kenaz, son of Jephunneh; Kenaz, son of Elah},
	journal = {Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception (EBR)},
	volume = {15},
	year = {2017},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/34243580/Kenaz_son_of_Eliphaz_Kenaz_son_of_Jephunneh_Kenaz_son_of_Elah_Encyclopedia_of_the_Bible_and_Its_Reception_EBR_},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
@article {564451,
	title = {Revealing Nakedness and Concealing Homosexual Intercourse: Legal and Lexical Evolution in Leviticus 18},
	journal = {Hebrew Bible and Ancient Israel (HeBAI)},
	volume = {6},
	number = {4},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {510-526},
	url = {http://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/mohr/hebai/2017/00000006/00000004/art00006},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
@article {564471,
	title = {Man of the Land: Unearthing the Original Noah},
	journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft},
	volume = {128},
	number = {3},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {357{\textendash}373},
	abstract = {
	The original biblical Noah was not affiliated with the Flood. An early\&nbsp;edition of J told of a devastating famine that afflicted the entire earth from the\&nbsp;days of Adam and Eve until it was brought to an end on account of Noah. The\&nbsp;Proto-J narrative was supplemented with a version of the popular Babylonian\&nbsp;Flood story, ironically transforming a story\&nbsp;of drought into a tale\&nbsp;of torrential rain.\&nbsp;It is this Noah who is referenced in Ezekiel and Deutero-Isaiah {\textendash} not the familiar\&nbsp;Flood hero.



	A l{\textquoteright}origine, la figure de No{\'e} n{\textquoteright}{\'e}tait pas associ{\'e}e au d{\'e}luge. Une ancienne\&nbsp;{\'e}dition de J contenait le r{\'e}cit d{\textquoteright}d{\textquoteright}une famine d{\'e}vastatrice qui touche la terre\&nbsp;enti{\`e}re, depuis Adam et Eve jusqu{\textquoteright}au r{\'e}cit de No{\'e}. La narration du Proto-J fut\&nbsp;compl{\'e}t{\'e}e par une version de r{\'e}cit babylonien du d{\'e}luge, transformant ironique-ment l{\textquoteright}histoire d{\textquoteright}une s{\'e}cheresse en celle\&nbsp;d{\textquoteright}une pluie torrentielle. Les livres d{\textquoteright}Ez{\'e}chiel et du Deut{\'e}ro-esa{\"\i}e\&nbsp;font r{\textasciiacute}f{\'e}rence {\`a} ce No{\'e} et\&nbsp;non pas au h{\'e}ros du d{\'e}luge.



	Die biblische Noahgestalt wurde urspr{\"u}nglich nicht allein\&nbsp;mit der Flut in Verbindung gebracht. Eine fr{\"u}he Fassung von J erz{\"a}hlt von einer\&nbsp;weltweiten Hungersnot seit den Tagen Adams und Evas, die erst\&nbsp;um Noahs willen\&nbsp;beendet wurde. Diese protojahwistische Erz{\"a}hlung wurde um die babylonische\&nbsp;Fluterz{\"a}hlung erg{\"a}nzt, so dass ironischerweise aus einer D{\"u}rreerz{\"a}hlung die\&nbsp;Erz{\"a}hlung eines sintflutartigen Regens wurde. Auf den urspr{\"u}nglichen Noah\&nbsp;bezieht sich auch Ez und Dtjes und nicht auf den Fluthelden.

},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/28643812/Man_of_the_Land_Unearthing_the_Original_Noah_Zeitschrift_f{\"u}r_die_alttestamentliche_Wissenschaft_ZAW_},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
@webarticle {564476,
	title = {The Guilt of the Slanderer and the Sotah: From Certainty to Uncertainty},
	journal = {TheTorah.com: A Historical and Contextual Approach},
	year = {2015},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/19009030/The_Guilt_of_the_Slanderer_and_the_Sotah_From_Certainty_to_Uncertainty_The_Torah_TheTorah.com_},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
@article {564481,
	title = {Computerized Source Criticism of Biblical Texts},
	journal = {Journal of Biblical Literature},
	volume = {134},
	number = {2},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {253-271},
	abstract = {
	We have developed an\&nbsp;automated method to\&nbsp;separate biblical texts according to\&nbsp;author or scribal school. At the core of\&nbsp;this new approach is the identification of\&nbsp;correlations in word preference that are then used to quantify stylistic similarity\&nbsp;between sections. In so doing, our method ignores literary features{\textemdash}such as\&nbsp;possible repetitions, narrative breaks, and contradictions{\textemdash}and focuses on the\&nbsp;least subjective criterion employed by Bible scholars to identify signs\&nbsp;of\&nbsp;composition. Te computerized system is unique in its ability to\&nbsp;consider subtle stylistic\&nbsp;preferences in aggregate, whereas human scholars are generally limited to\&nbsp;cases\&nbsp;where a word preference is pronounced. Our method is also\&nbsp;less liable to accusa-tions of\&nbsp;bias, thanks to\&nbsp;its reliance on context-independent criteria. Its efficacy is\&nbsp;demonstrated in its successful deconstruction of\&nbsp;an artificial book,\&nbsp;Jer-iel, made\&nbsp;up of\&nbsp;randomly interleaved snippets from Jeremiah and Ezekiel. When applied\&nbsp;to Genesis{\textendash}Numbers, the method divides\&nbsp;the text into\&nbsp;constituents that correlate\&nbsp;closely with common notions of\&nbsp;{\textquotedblleft}Priestly{\textquotedblright} and {\textquotedblleft}non-Priestly{\textquotedblright} material. No such\&nbsp;corroboration is forthcoming for\&nbsp;the classic Yahwistic/Elohistic division.

},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/10189888/Computerized_Source_Criticism_of_Biblical_Texts_Journal_of_Biblical_Literature_JBL_},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz and Moshe Koppel and Navot Akiva and Nachum Dershowitz}
}
@article {564486,
	title = {Flowing with Fat and (Bee) Honey},
	journal = {Vetus Testamentum (VT)},
	volume = {64},
	number = {4},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {665{\textendash}667},
	abstract = {An Egyptian text sheds light on the biblical idiom\&nbsp;ʾrṣ\&nbsp;zbt\&nbsp;ḥlb wdb{\v s}, helping establish the nature of both\&nbsp;ḥlb\&nbsp;and\&nbsp;db{\v s}.},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/10189720/Flowing_with_Fat_and_Bee_Honey_Evidence_from_Ancient_Egypt_Vetus_Testamentum_VT_},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
@article {564491,
	title = {Orthography and Biblical Criticism},
	journal = {Proceedings of Digital Humanities (DH 2014), Lausanne, Switzerland},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {451{\textendash}453},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz and Nachum Dershowitz and Tomer Hasid and Amnon Ta-Shma}
}
@webarticle {564496,
	title = {Computerized Bible Criticism},
	journal = {The Bible and Interpretation},
	year = {2011},
	url = {http://www.bibleinterp.com/articles/der358009.shtml},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
@article {564501,
	title = {Unsupervised Decomposition of a Document into Authorial Components},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (2011): 1356{\textendash}1364},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {1356{\textendash}1364},
	abstract = {We propose a novel unsupervised method\&nbsp;for separating out distinct authorial components of a document. In particular, we\&nbsp;show\&nbsp;that, given a book artificially {\textquotedblleft}munged{\textquotedblright}\&nbsp;from two thematically similar biblical\&nbsp;books, we can separate out the two constituent books almost perfectly. This allows\&nbsp;us to automatically recapitulate many conclusions reached by Bible scholars over\&nbsp;centuries of research. One of the key elements of our method is exploitation of differences in synonym choice by different\&nbsp;authors.},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/10189487/Unsupervised_Decomposition_of_a_Document_into_Authorial_Components_Proceedings_of_the_49th_Annual_Meeting_of_the_Association_for_Computational_Linguistics},
	author = {Moshe Koppel and Navot AkivaI and Idan Dershowitz and Nachum Dershowitz}
}
@article {564506,
	title = {A Land Flowing with Fat and Honey},
	journal = {Vetus Testamentum (VT)},
	volume = {60},
	number = {2},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {172{\textendash}176},
	abstract = {
	The author contends that the word\&nbsp;ḥlb\&nbsp;in the phrase\&nbsp;ʾrṣ\&nbsp;zbt ḥlb wdb{\v s}\&nbsp;should be read\&nbsp;ḥeleb\&nbsp;(fat),\&nbsp;and not\&nbsp;ḥ{\={a}}l{\={a}}b\&nbsp;(milk), drawing support from biblical and\&nbsp;Ugaritic texts.

},
	url = {https://www.academia.edu/10189482/A_Land_Flowing_with_Fat_and_Honey_Vetus_Testamentum_VT_},
	author = {Idan Dershowitz}
}
