@article {72781,
	title = {The Political Economy of Arab Presidents for Life - and After},
	journal = {Middle East Development Journal},
	volume = {5},
	number = {1},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {1350001 (13 pages)},
	abstract = {The system of personalized Arab presidential power based on a strong security state had its origins in the assertion of national sovereignty in the dangerous post-independence world of the 1950s and 1960s. and then becoming more monarchical in character over time, including the attempt to perpetuate itself by passing power on to the ruler{\textquoteright}s son. Key to this development was the appearance around each ruler of a small group of crony-capitalists who used their privileged access to secure state monopolies which they then schemed to protect after the ruler{\textquoteright}s death. Both developments, that of family dictatorships, as well as their associated corruption and cronyism, can then be used to account in large measure with the uprisings associated with the Arab {\textquoteright}Spring{\textquoteright}.},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S1793812013500016},
	author = {Roger Owen}
}
