- PhD, Harvard University: Sept. 1983–June 1987, Theoretical Particle Physics
- BA, Harvard University: Sept. 1980–June 1983, Physics
Honorary Degrees
- Doctor of Science Brown University, May 2011
- Doctor of Science: Duke University, May 2011
- Doctor of Science: Bard College, May 2010
- Doctor Honoris Causa: University of Antwerp, Belgium, Apr. 2006