@article {692445,
	title = {Catholic Child and Youth Martyrs, 1588-2022},
	journal = {Catholic Historical Review},
	volume = {108},
	number = {3},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {469-508},
	abstract = {
	Child and youth martyrs throughout the history of Christianity are few. New emphasis on their presence in the twentieth century raises questions about the nature of sanctity. Using a new data set on child, adolescent, and youth martyrs beatified and canonized since 1588, this article discusses early modern to contemporary models of sanctity for males and females while at the same time showing how the ancient motif of puer senex continues to be relevant in their narratives. With Catholic teachings adapting to contemporary views on child agency and autonomy, several problems arise, requiring the Church to re-evaluate its models of sanctity for young people.

},
	author = {Rachel M. McCleary}
}
@article {692444,
	title = {Martyrs of Latin America, 1854-2022},
	journal = {Fe y Libertad},
	year = {2022},
	abstract = {Pope John Paul II began the recent trend of beatifying martyrs and confessors of Latin America. Together, Popes John Paul II, Benedict XVI, and Francis have beatified 111 martyrs and 53 confessors in Latin America. These numbers represent 87\% and 72\%, respectively, of all Latin American martyrs and confessors sanctified by the Roman Catholic Church since 1588 when Pope Urban VIII established the Congregation for the Causes of Saints. Pope Francis accelerated the rate of beatifications of Latin American blesseds to 5.0 a year as compared to 3.5 for John Paul II and 3.4 for Benedict XVI. These beatifications of Latin American martyrs and confessors must be understood from the perspective of the intended audience, which we view as the Catholic faithful. Specifically, we view this saint-making during the last three papacies as attempts to invigorate the faithful and, thereby, deter conversions into Protestantism.},
	author = {Rachel M. McCleary and Robert J. Barro}
}
@article {692446,
	title = {Opening the Fifth Seal Catholic Martyrs and Forces of Religious Competition },
	journal = {Journal of Religion and Demography},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {92-122},
	abstract = {Since Pope John Paul II{\textquoteright}s stock-taking of twentieth century martyrs, the Catholic Church has significantly increased the beatification and canonization of martyrs.\&nbsp; Not only have the numbers of martyrs increased but the definition of martyrdom has expanded.\&nbsp; Using a comprehensive new data set on Catholic martyrs (1588-2020), we argue that the Vatican{\textquoteright}s recent emphasis on martyrs is a strategic response to competition with Protestants, especially Evangelicals.\&nbsp; Martyrs, unlike regular saints (confessors),\&nbsp; tend to be predominantly male and died in parts of the world where the Catholic Church was actively involved in evangelization or had a significant presence.\&nbsp; Martydom often associates with violent events, such as the Spanish Civil War, World War II, and the French Revolution, and with mass persecutions such as in the case of the English Reformation or in cases of repression of missionaries, as in Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and China.},
	author = {Rachel M. McCleary and Robert J. Barro}
}
@article {692447,
	title = {Pentecostals, Kinship, and Moral Economy in Guatemala },
	journal = {Journal of Markets and Morality},
	volume = {21},
	number = {1},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {167-189},
	abstract = {Using a set of interviews with Pentecostal churches in Guatemala, this study makes the following conclusions about the role of family and kinship in this segment of Latin America{\textquoteright}s rapidly expanding evangelical population.\&nbsp; First, evangelization deliberately targets family members. Second, church growth does in fact take place primarily along kinship lines.\&nbsp; Third, the family structure is the foundation of church organization.\&nbsp; Fourth, the extended family serves an important role as the provider of a social safety net.\&nbsp; Fifth, the emphasis on "rapid discipling" along kinship lines carries with it a weakening of commitment to the inculcation of specific values and beliefs.},
	author = {Rachel M. McCleary}
}
@article {mccleary_saints_2016,
	title = {Saints Marching In, 1590-2012},
	journal = {Economica},
	year = {2016},
	author = {Rachel McCleary and Robert Barro}
}
@article {mccleary_market_2010,
	title = {A Market Approach to the Rise of the Geluk School in Tibet, 1419-1642},
	journal = {Journal of Asian Studies},
	volume = {69},
	number = {1},
	year = {2010},
	author = {Rachel McCleary and Leonard van der Kuijp}
}
@article {mccleary_religious_2010,
	title = {Religious Conversion in 40 Countries},
	journal = {Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion},
	year = {2010},
	author = {Rachel McCleary and Robert Barro and Jason Hwang}
}
@article {mccleary_private_2008,
	title = {Private Voluntary Organizations Engaged in International Assistance, 1939-2004},
	journal = {Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly},
	volume = {37},
	number = {2},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Rachel McCleary and Robert Barro}
}
@article {mccleary_religion_2008,
	title = {Religion and Economic Development: A Two-way Causation},
	journal = {Policy Review},
	volume = {148},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Rachel McCleary}
}
@article {mccleary_religion_2007,
	title = {Religion and Political Economy},
	journal = {The Review of Faith \& International Affairs},
	year = {2007},
	author = {Rachel McCleary}
}
@article {mccleary_salvation_2007,
	title = {Salvation, Damnation, and Economic Incentives},
	journal = {Journal of Contemporary Religion},
	year = {2007},
	author = {Rachel McCleary}
}
@article {mccleary_religion_2006-1,
	title = {Religion and Economy},
	journal = {Journal of Economic Perspectives},
	year = {2006},
	author = {Rachel McCleary and Robert Barro}
}
@article {mccleary_religion_2006,
	title = {Religion and Political Economy in an International Panel},
	journal = {Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion},
	year = {2006},
	author = {Rachel McCleary and Robert Barro}
}
@article {mccleary_which_2005,
	title = {Which Countries Have State Religions?},
	journal = {Quarterly Journal of Economics},
	year = {2005},
	author = {Rachel McCleary and Robert Barro}
}
@article {mccleary_religion_2004,
	title = {Religion and Economic Growth},
	journal = {Milken Institute Review},
	year = {2004},
	author = {Rachel McCleary and Robert Barro}
}
@article {mccleary_religion_2003,
	title = {Religion and Economic Growth Across Countries},
	journal = {American Sociological Review},
	year = {2003},
	author = {Rachel McCleary and Robert Barro}
}
@article {mccleary_guatemala:_1997,
	title = {Guatemala: Jump-Starting a Nation},
	journal = {Crosslines},
	year = {1997},
	month = {jan},
	author = {Rachel McCleary}
}
@article {mccleary_guatemalas_1997,
	title = {Guatemala{\textquoteright}s Postwar Prospects},
	journal = {Journal of Democracy},
	year = {1997},
	month = {apr},
	author = {Rachel McCleary}
}
@article {mccleary_peace_1997,
	title = {Peace of Change?},
	journal = {Hemisfile},
	year = {1997},
	author = {Rachel McCleary}
}
@article {mccleary_guatemala:_1996,
	title = {Guatemala: Expectations for Peace},
	journal = {Current History},
	year = {1996},
	month = {feb},
	author = {Rachel McCleary}
}
@article {mccleary_guatemala:_1995,
	title = {Guatemala: Negotiating Peace to Foster Democracy},
	journal = {Boletin Electoral Latinoamericano},
	year = {1995},
	month = {jun},
	author = {Rachel McCleary}
}
@article {mccleary_international_1991,
	title = {The International Community{\textquoteright}s Claim to Rights in Brazilian Amazonia},
	journal = {Political Studies},
	year = {1991},
	author = {Rachel McCleary}
}
@article {mccleary_conscientia_1985,
	title = {Conscientia and Christian Collective Acts},
	journal = {Quarterly Review},
	year = {1985},
	author = {Rachel McCleary}
}
