Publications

2020
Pallares-Barbera, M. & Masala, E., 2020. Capturing demand movements and patterns using big data in Barcelona. An inferential analysis in the geography of behavior. In The Spanish metropolitan areas between competitiveness and sustainability. New tools for an urban policy in the global context. Valencia. Valencia: Tirant Lo Blanch, pp. 85-104.Abstract

ABSTRACT

Individuals can move through space, but since not all space is the same, they will be attracted to certain preferential locations. There is an uneven distribution of economic activity in space, and it will attract consumers based on the constraints of demand preferences, increased returns to scale, and transportation costs (Hamilton and Linge, 1979). Spatial variations in demand depend on consumer preferences, among other characteristics, according to the type of goods offered by the different areas of the city, the cultural origin of individuals in the city, the time of day and the day of week. Therefore, the decisions that individuals make to use the space are limited by what the market offers in this space. The relationship between demand and supply will cause spaces where productivity will be higher, such as cities and others where there will be no productivity, such as deserts. The reason these differences exist is due to agglomerations of activities that attract consumers and these are concentrated in cities.

 

 

RESUMEN

Los individuos pueden moverse a través del espacio, pero dado que no todo el espacio es igual se verán atraídos por determinadas localizaciones preferenciales. Existe una distribución desigual de la actividad económica en el espacio, y ésta atraerá a consumidores en función de las limitaciones de preferencias de demanda, del aumento de los rendimientos a escala y de los costos de transporte (Hamilton y Linge, 1979). Las variaciones espaciales en la demanda dependen de las preferencias de los consumidores, entre otras características, según el tipo de bienes ofrecidos por las diferentes áreas de la ciudad, el origen cultural de los individuos en la ciudad, la hora del día y el día de la semana. Por tanto, las decisiones que toman los individuos para usar el espacio están limitadas por lo que ofrece el mercado en este espacio. La relación entre demanda y oferta causará espacios donde la productividad será mayor, como las ciudades y otras donde no habrá productividad, como los desiertos. El por qué existen estas diferencias es debido a aglomeraciones de actividades que atraen a consumidores y éstas están concentradas en las ciudades.

En este capítulo se sugieren nuevas discusiones dentro de la “geografía del comportamiento” (Pred, 1967) sobre la demanda, de nuevas metodologías de análisis de Big Data y de posibles usos de los resultados para políticas de mejora de un urbanismo más sostenible.
indice.pdf
De clústeres a microclústeres: coworkings como nuevos espacios económicos en el Distrito Textil de Trafalgar en Barcelona. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21747/9789898969460/geoa11.
VICENTE-SALAR, R., Pallares-Barbera, M. & Vera, A., 2020. De clústeres a microclústeres: coworkings como nuevos espacios económicos en el Distrito Textil de Trafalgar en Barcelona. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21747/9789898969460/geoa11. In La Geografía de las Redes Económicas Y la Geografía Económica en Red. Porto. Porto: Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, pp. 119-128.Abstract
El objetivo de la comunicación es analizar el papel de las economías externas en la evolución productiva del Distrito Textil de Trafalgar (DTT). A lo largo del siglo XX, el DTT albergaba empresas relacionadas con el textil configurándose un clúster. Actual-mente, el clúster textil prácticamente ha desaparecido dando lugar a microclústeres creativos y del conocimiento a través de la aparición de los coworkings (CWs). La metodología se enmarca dentro del análisis estadístico espacial y de entrevistas en pro-fundidad. Los resultados muestran que, desde el siglo XX hasta la actualidad, la evolución en la naturaleza de las economías externas que ofrece Barcelona y, particularmente, el DTT está fomentando la evolución productiva del distrito. Consecuente-mente, el DTT se considera, actualmente, un espacio económico en transición donde reminiscencias del clúster textil y un nú-mero creciente de CWs cohabitan en un mismo espacio urbano.
Palabras claves: economías externas, coworkings, microclústeres, estadística espacial, Distrito Textil de Trafalgar, Barcelona.
clusteres_microclusteres.pdf
2019
How urban green management is influencing passerine birds’ nesting in the Mediterranean: A case study in a Catalan city https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2019.03.012
MARLÈS MAGRE, J., et al., 2019. How urban green management is influencing passerine birds’ nesting in the Mediterranean: A case study in a Catalan city https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2019.03.012. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening , 41 (May) , pp. 221-229.Abstract

A B S T R A C T

The vegetation within the urban system provides sheltering and food provisions to birds, influencing their nesting options. This study analyses for the first time in the Mediterranean area how different socio-ecological factors related with public urban green management can influence the nesting of the passerine bird order. It uses a case study in the city of Valls (Catalonia, Spain). First, the public urban green was quantitatively and qualitatively characterised; then the nests from the passerine birds were collected and identified, and finally, potential associations between nests and urban green-related socio-ecological factors such as vegetation type (tree, shrub, herb, liana), plant species, neighbourhood type, pruning type, fruit and seed production, and presence of insect plague were analysed. A total of 300 nests were identified and belonged, mostly, to the family of Fringillidae and Sylviidae, all from Mediterranean agroforestry areas. Passerine birds show preference for the historic centre, being this area the one with highest biodiversity of vegetation in the city, in detriment of surrounding neighbourhoods, which in turn are less biodiverse. Passerine birds do not consider four tree species (Celtis australis, Laurus nobilis, Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus pinea) suitable for nesting whereas showing preference for two tree species of medium height and size (Hibiscus syriacus and Melia azederach). Also, passerine birds seem to preferably nest in trees that have been pruned intensively. These results suggest that, to strengthen the passerine bird diversity in cities, urban green management should promote certain species of trees of medium size and intensive pruning while supporting the overall biodiversity of the urban green. All these results contribute to inform effective urban planning and management strategies for passerine birds conservation that aim to reconcile urban development and urban biodiversity protection.

 

Keywords: Ornithofauna, Urban Biodiversity.

articlefinal.pdf
Wildfires in the wildland-urban interface in Catalonia: Vulnerability analysis based on land use and land cover change. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.012
Badia, A., et al., 2019. Wildfires in the wildland-urban interface in Catalonia: Vulnerability analysis based on land use and land cover change. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.012. Science of the Total Environment , 673 , pp. 184-196.Abstract

The crisis in traditional forest and farming activities that began in the second half of the 20th century has given way to a new territorial structure, characterised by greater forest density and an acceleration of urban sprawl, which has affected the impact of fires on the territory and especially on the inhabitants. The increased vulnerability of homes located at the wildland-urban interface (WUI) and the differences in the intensity of fire impact makes it necessary to identify different typologies of WUI zones. Characterization of WUI typologies was based on four forest fires with distinct characteristics, selected from fires that occurred in Catalonia in 2003 and 2012. Based on the different landscape units that have been studied and the dynamics of the changes that have occurred in the study area over the past 15 years, together with the occurrence of fires during this period, identified three major WUI zone typologies: a) metropolitan, b) agroforest and c) mountain agrosilvopastoral. The results, based on Kappa index and Rate of Change, show significant changes in Land Use and Land Cover between 2003 and 2009 in each study area, but the economic and social context in each region generated different territorial dynamics for each typology. This diagnosis contributes to knowledge that expands the available planning and management tools to mitigate the effects of wildfires.

Keywords: Landscape, Kappa index, Rate of change, Wildfire prevention.

stoten_complete.pdf
Exploring the Concept of Cyberpark: What the Experts Think
Arvanitidis, P., et al., 2019. Exploring the Concept of Cyberpark: What the Experts Think. In CyberParks - The Interface Between People, Places and Technology - New Approaches and Perspectives. Cham, Switzerland. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, pp. 50–66. Publisher's VersionAbstract

Abstract. The chapter aims to provide a contextualisation of the cyberpark concept as this is perceived by a wide range of experts in public space and information technologies. To do so it makes use of a questionnaire survey conducted with the participants of the CyberParks COST Action, which collected their views on a number of aspects concerning both the mediated and the not mediated public open spaces, such as: their elements and qualities, the facilities they should offer, the activities they should facilitate, the type of space and location that are most suitable to accommodate them, their appropriate size and manner for their development, their target user group and other aspects of their configuration. The analysis brings out the commonalities and differences in experts’ views regarding the mediated and the not mediated public open spaces, and, as such, it contributes to specify further the cyberpark concept, mapping out its characteristics and dimensions. This should enrich the ongoing dialogue within the literature and facilitate interactions between relevant, yet fragmented, scientific disciplines in the area to inform the production and appropriation of both mediated and the not mediated public open spaces.

 

Keywords: experts, views, diversity, survey.

exploring_1_5_2_cares.pdf
Challenging Methods and Results Obtained from User-Generated Content in Barcelona’s Public Open Spaces https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13417-4_10
Pallares-Barbera, M., et al., 2019. Challenging Methods and Results Obtained from User-Generated Content in Barcelona’s Public Open Spaces https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13417-4_10. In CyberParks - The Interface Between People, Places and Technology - New Approaches and Perspectives. Cham, Switzerland. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, pp. 120–136.Abstract

Abstract. User-generated content (UGC) provides useful resources for academics, technicians and policymakers to obtain and analyse results in order to improve lives of individuals in urban settings. User-generated content comes from people who voluntarily contribute data, information, or media that then appears in a way which can be viewed by others; usually on the Web. However, to date little is known about how complex methodologies for getting results are subject to methodology-formation errors, personal data protection, and reliability of outcomes. Different researches have been approaching to inquire big data methods for a better understanding of social groups for planners and economic needs. In this chapter, through UGC from Tweets of users located in Barcelona, we present different research experiments. Data collection is based on the use of REST API; while analysis and representation of UGC follow different ways of processing and providing a plurality of information. The first objective is to study the results at a different geographical scale, Barcelona’s Metropolitan Area and at two Public Open Spaces (POS) in Barcelona, Enric Granados Street and the area around the Fòrum de les Cultures; during similar days in two periods of time - in January of 2015 and 2017. The second objective is intended to better understand how different types of POS’ Twitter-users draw urban patterns. The Origin-Destination patterns generated illustrate new social behaviours, addressed to multifunctional uses. This chapter aims to be influential in the use of UGC analysis for planning purposes and to increase quality of life.

Keywords: User-generated content; Big data; Twitter; Public open spaces; Spatial analysis.
challenging_2_5_2_cares.pdf
Book Review. Manero Miguel, Fernando and García Cuesta, José Luis (Coordinadores) (2016) Patrimonio cultural y desarrollo territorial. Cultural heritage and territorial development. DAG, 65/1185-203
Pallares-Barbera, M., 2019. Book Review. Manero Miguel, Fernando and García Cuesta, José Luis (Coordinadores) (2016) Patrimonio cultural y desarrollo territorial. Cultural heritage and territorial development. DAG, 65/1185-203, Barcelona: Documents d'Anàlisi Geogràfica. Publisher's VersionAbstract

Those who lose their origins lose their identity! Cultural heritage incorporates many elements, but its material and immaterial assets are rooted in history, cultivated in tradition and embody a shared memory, as Manero Miguel and García Cuesta point out in the introduction of the book. Cultural heritage assets also bring identity to a territory and society. In the twenty-first century, differentiation represents an important asset, hence heritage’s relevance is revealed when territories become differentiated owing to their heritage assets in this globalized world. Differentiation, moreover, is the nature of territorial competitiveness. The main goal of this book is to vindicate the role of the cultural landscape as a motor for sustainable development and as a factor behind territorial competitiveness. This book is important in many ways. Besides its obvious roles in research and policymaking, in such a period of political turmoil even world heritage has become a bargaining chip, as in the case of negotiations between the Trump administration in the United States of America and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). In October 2017, the Trump administration declared that the USA would withdraw from UNESCO, claiming that the latter’s member nations have an anti-Israel bias. Thus, in the political complexity of nonsenses, cultural heritage must be vindicated because it has many functions: it is an incentive to preserve historic monuments, to develop new economic activities (and therefore create jobs and revenue), and to inculcate pride and identity in cultural heritage amongst inhabitants.

543-5160-2-pb.pdf
Social networks as the backbone of women’s work in the Catalan Pyrenees
Pallares-Barbera, M. & Casellas, A., 2019. Social networks as the backbone of women’s work in the Catalan Pyrenees. European Urban and Regional Studies , 26 (1) , pp. 65-79. Publisher's VersionAbstract

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SOCIAL CAPITAL, SYMBOLIC POWER

This paper discusses how historically the accumulation of symbolic power by men produced a glass ceiling for women in the Catalan Pyrenees and how women have overcome this constraint by engaging in male-led networks, founding gender balanced networks and developing women-nurtured networks. Through semi-structured qualitative interviews and ethnographic work, the paper investigates the strategies women employed to maintain their involvement in networking activities over a 10-year period, and identifies the importance of being connected with horizontal organizations and the empowerment of sharing experiences provided by social bridge agents. The results of this research make a strong case for more inclusive and gender-aware policies in rural areas as a means to promote economic and social viability while empowering women.

Keywords

Gender inequality, rural areas, social bridge agents, social capital, social networks, symbolic power

 

DOI: 10.1177/0969776417730864

 

social_cap_simbolic_power.pdf
2018
Urban planning, health and quality of life: Analyzing the consistency in Barcelona’s Cerdà grid-orientation using LiDAR technology. CONFERENCE POSTER
Pallares-Barbera, M., Badia, A. & Gisbert, M., 2018. Urban planning, health and quality of life: Analyzing the consistency in Barcelona’s Cerdà grid-orientation using LiDAR technology. CONFERENCE POSTER. In Urban Transitions. Integrating Urban and Transport Planning, Environment and Health for healthier Urban Living. Sitges (Barcelona) Spain. Sitges (Barcelona) Spain.Abstract

Compact cities increase their temperature under the effects of heat island and global climate change. Important literature addressed passive energy cooling and solar urban planning. However, to date little is known about the relevant planning variables for getting insolation and natural ventilation. Failures in planning have caused important overuse of air conditioning and, in lower income areas, high temperatures put serious risk on their population. This paper addresses this important topic grounded on the Barcelona’s urbanization theory of Cerdà (1860); who already based his planning under both, insolation and wind flow of the urban fabric. In this research we concentrate to analyse the consistency in his pattern of orienting the urban grid for getting better insolation and wind-flow. Methodologically, to study the urban grid orientation consistency with winds and solar radiation, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology and wind data are used to obtain digital elevation surface and to calculate insolation and wind flow in the streets in the summer solstice (21st of June) and the winter solstice (21st of December). The results were contrasted by rotating the street grid 90 degrees north. We expect to confirm the following hypothesis. Firstly, streets are differently insolated depending on street grid orientation. Secondly, the height of the buildings project patterns of shadows in streets subject to the grid orientation. Thirdly, the direction of wind flow would enter differently to the city, depending on orientation of the urban solid. Finally, insolation and natural ventilation influence population comfort, health and decrease energy consumption creating a more sustainable urban environment, and improving quality of life.

Key words: Insolation, natural ventilation, Cerdà, Barcelona, compact city, LiDAR.

poster_disseny.jpg
VICENTE-SALAR, R., Pallares-Barbera, M. & Vera-Martin, A., 2018. ANÁLISIS CLÚSTER A PARTIR DEL SABI: APLICABILIDAD Y VIABILIDAD EN LA DETECCIÓN DE ESPACIOS ECONÓMICOS TEXTILES EN BARCELONA, 2016. Poster. Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles. XVIII CONGRESO DE TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN GEOGRÁFICA , Poster.Abstract

 

El Distrito Textil de Trafalgar (DTT) es un espacio económico urbano localizado en la Dreta del Eixample de Barcelona y especializado desde principios del siglo XX en actividades relacionadas con el textil. Las empresas que tradicionalmente se han localizado en el distrito han sido las sedes sociales de la manufactura textil, el comercio mayorista textil y de ropa y, en menor medida, la manufactura de la confección formando un clúster urbano. Actualmente, dicha especialización se ha difuminado casi por completo permaneciendo alrededor de un centenar de empresas mayorista y talleres de confección.

 

La comunicación tiene un doble objetivo. En primer lugar, detectar y analizar la localización de clústeres mayoristas y de confección en Barcelona en el 2016. En segundo lugar, analizar la consistencia del Sistema de Análisis de Balances Ibéricos (SABI) como fuente de información en el estudio de las tipologías de espacios económicos textiles.

poster_valencia.pptx
The transformation of the urban economic space of the Barcelona’s Trafalgar Garment District, 1916 - 2017
VICENTE-SALAR, R., Pallares-Barbera, M. & Vera-Martin, A., 2018. The transformation of the urban economic space of the Barcelona’s Trafalgar Garment District, 1916 - 2017. In 2018 Annual Meeting AAG. New Orleans, Louisiana. New Orleans, Louisiana: Association of American Geographers Meeting, pp. 1-20.Abstract
The aim of the communication is to analyze the factors that have driven the deep economic transformation of the Barcelona’s Trafalgar Garment District (TGD) along the 20th century. In the first half of the century, textile headquarters and warehouses concentrated in the TGD. Since 1950s until the end of the century, wholesaling traders and sewing workshops also concentrated in the district. Thus, the TGD became an urban textile cluster. Currently, the TGD is not devoted anymore to textile activities, but to higher value-added ones as knowledge-based, creative and cultural firms and tourism. This economic transformation has two causes. First, from 1970s to 2000s, the textile industry faced different economic crisis entailing firm’s closures or reorganizations. The oil crisis, the Asiatic competition and the entrance of Spain in the European Union (1986) caused that the Catalonian textile industry faded. The lack of innovation in the value chain produced a decrease in its competitiveness. Second, since 2000s, Barcelona became a first-order global city triggering the attraction of new economy and lodging firms. The 22@Barcelona (2000) was the most important project to turn Barcelona into a knowledge-based city. The shift of Barcelona toward an innovative and entrepreneurial city attracted high competitive big and small-and-medium enterprises changing the economic configuration of some inner urban areas. These two main aspects led the change of the TGD’s urban economic space. Therefore, the economic transformation of the TGD is based on market-led processes, being the role of the local government scant.
as6290932173660191526998919996_content_1.pdf
2017
Digital Tools for Capturing User’s Needs on Urban Open Spaces: Drawing Lessons from Cyberparks Project
Smaniotto Costa, C., et al., 2017. Digital Tools for Capturing User’s Needs on Urban Open Spaces: Drawing Lessons from Cyberparks Project. In Citizen Empowerment and Innovation in the Data-Rich City. Cham, Switzerland. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, pp. 177-194.Abstract

Title: Digital Tools for Capturing User’s Needs on Urban Open Spaces: Drawing Lessons from Cyberparks Project

 

Abstract

The chapter discusses how ICT can be used to enhance the understanding of the relationship between space, users and social practices. As an example of possible use of ICT for capturing and better understanding user’s needs, the new digital tool WAY Cyberparks is presented and discussed. A “cyberpark” is defined as a new type of urban landscape where nature and ICTs blend together to generate hybrid experiences and enhance quality of life. The WAY Cyberparks digital tool consists of a smart phone application, server/cloud and web services. Through the experiences from testing it in selected urban open spaces in Barcelona, Lisbon and Ljubljana opportunities are presented and lessons are drawn about relevant aspects of the ICT towards building a more participatory and collaborative process in planning of public spaces. A relevant aspect of the ICT lays in their ability to enhance communication with (potential) users, transforming the production of public open spaces into an interactive process, and enabling creative community participation and empowerment. Furthermore, some challenges of the increasing penetration of digital technologies devices (smart phones, smart watches, tablets, etc.) within the broader context of their use in public urban open spaces such as parks, gardens, squares, plazas are discussed, together with the consequences of this interweaving, which is growing at a rapid pace, unfolds research needs in the future.

 

Introduction_citizen_empowerement_springer_2017.pdf
LA APLICACIÓN DE ESTADÍSTICA ESPACIAL EN LA DETECCIÓN Y ANÁLISIS DE ESPACIOS ECONÓMICOS URBANOS. EL DISTRITO TEXTIL DE TRAFALGAR, 1916-1954.  https://doi.org/10.15366/ntc.2017
VICENTE-SALAR, R. & Pallares-Barbera, M., 2017. LA APLICACIÓN DE ESTADÍSTICA ESPACIAL EN LA DETECCIÓN Y ANÁLISIS DE ESPACIOS ECONÓMICOS URBANOS. EL DISTRITO TEXTIL DE TRAFALGAR, 1916-1954. https://doi.org/10.15366/ntc.2017 . XXV Congreso de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles. Naturaleza, Territorio y Ciudad en un Mundo Global , 2 , pp. 1705-1714. Publisher's VersionAbstract

ABSTRACT

The aim of the paper is to identify and analyze, through spatial statistics, the Barcelona´s Trafalgar Garment District (TGD) as an economic space related to the textile industry in the first half of the 20th century. Since the 19th century, Barcelona has been a powerful textile industrial city. In the first half of the 19th century, the location of the industry concentrated in the walled city. Since the second half of the 19th century, due to both the demolition of the walls (1857) and the construction of the Eixample by the Plà Cerdà (1859), the textile industry experienced new location spatial patterns. Not only moved the manufacture side of the textile firm towards different zones of the new city, but also its headquarters and storages. The new location was in the Dreta del Eixample neighborhood and, specifically, in TGD. The TGD played as the textile industry’s decision-making center since at the beginnings of the 20th century. Nowadays, the presence of headquarters and storages of textile industrial firms is residual. They have been replacing by higher value-added economic activities. The extension of this old economic spaces is analyzed through Global Moran´s I and Local Moran´s indexes.

Keywords: textile industry, Trafalgar Garment District, Eixample, Barcelona, spatial analysis, statistical analysis

vicente-salar.pdf
Big Data and Geography. Spatial analysis from the demand side. Big Data y Geografía. Análisis Espacial desde la Demanda
Pallares-Barbera, M., 2017. Big Data and Geography. Spatial analysis from the demand side. Big Data y Geografía. Análisis Espacial desde la Demanda. In XXV Congreso Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles. Organizing Group: Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica, AGE. Mesa Temática: Big data: nuevas fuentes de información en la investigación geográfica. Madrid. Madrid. big_data_y_geografia.pdf
The economic reactivation of the surroundings of Can Batlló (Barcelona) based on the social economy. La reactivación económica del entorno de Can Batlló (Barcelona) a partir de la economía social.  https://doi.org/10.15366/ntc.2017
Dot, E. & Pallares-Barbera, M., 2017. The economic reactivation of the surroundings of Can Batlló (Barcelona) based on the social economy. La reactivación económica del entorno de Can Batlló (Barcelona) a partir de la economía social. https://doi.org/10.15366/ntc.2017. XXV Congreso de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles , 1 , pp. 1035-1044. Publisher's VersionAbstract

ABSTRACT: In the second decade of the twenty‐first century, projects of community development and social and economic revival emerge in Barcelona from the social economy. The research is based on finding out why in one territory there are factors driving this type of initiatives, and in others not. The working hypothesis is that in urban environments with an associative and working tradition, a social, cultural and economic fabric has been developed. In order to study new urban productive spaces, the research analyzes the innovative initiatives of Can Batlló case in Sants/La Bordeta, Barcelona. In Can Batlló – a central urban land encompassing a working class neighborhood and
historical industrial premises – the community have been locked in a struggle between community groups and developers for 20 years. The purpose of this paper is to examine the trend for repurposing traditional industry sites as new working environments using innovative economic models which emphasize collaboration rather than focusing
solely on profit (2008‐2016). The work methodology is based on in‐depth interviews, the collection of statistical data and non‐direct participant observation. The results obtained can contribute to the study of the reconceptualization of the economic urban landscape and to the valorization of the role of the social economy in the territorial development of Barcelona.
1 Esta investigación se realiza con el apoyo de los proyectos CSO2016‐74888‐C4‐2‐R, CSO2016‐81718‐REDT, y 2014 SGR
1090.
2
Key words: Barcelona, Social Economy, local development, economic activity spaces.

 

RESUMEN: En la segunda década del siglo XXI surgen en Barcelona proyectos de desarrollo comunitario y de reactivación social y económica a partir de la economía social. La investigación se fundamenta en averiguar porque en un determinado territorio existen factores impulsores de este tipo de iniciativas y en otros no. La hipótesis de trabajo es que en entornos urbanos con tradición asociativa y obrera se ha desarrollado un tejido social, cultural y económico que es la base de la economía social. El objetivo de la investigación es la identificación de los agentes, la caracterización de las acciones y la valoración económica y social en los procesos bottom-up que surgen en el contexto de la ciudad post-crisis (2008-2016). Para valorar la reconfiguración espacial del trabajo en la ciudad y el dibujo de los nuevos espacios productivos urbanos la investigación analiza las iniciativas emprendedoras e innovadoras del caso de Can Batlló en Sants/La Bordeta. Los barrios de Sants y La Bordeta tienen una larga tradición industrial y del movimiento obrero. La metodología de trabajo se basa en la realización de entrevistas en profundidad, la recopilación de datos estadísticos y la observación participante no directa. Los resultados obtenidos pueden contribuir al estudio de la reconceptualización del paisaje urbano económico y a la valorización del papel de la economía social en el desarrollo territorial de Barcelona.

Palabras-clave: Barcelona, Economía Social, Desarrollo comunitario, Espacio productivo

age_madrid_2017.pdf
Urban transitions: Replacing traditional work practices in traditional workspaces
Pallares-Barbera, M. & Jutgla, E.D., 2017. Urban transitions: Replacing traditional work practices in traditional workspaces . In Urban Studies Foundation Seminar Series: Reconceptualising Urban Landscapes of Work. 20-21 April. University of Portsmouth. University of Portsmouth.Abstract

Moving towards a new paradigm of work-practices brought up by new communication and information technologies embedded in the production system, particular places in the city have experienced interesting new functions; old fashioned traditional industry buildings are fractioned in medium to tiny spaces used by very small one to two-person firms in a multiple sector start-ups of collaborative economy. But the most interesting element in this process is that firms are out of the market in the classical sense; they belong from the social economy. Firms mostly started coming out from urban social groups fighting to gain managing power over spaces in the city, asking to get social public services by saving industrial heritage and getting mutual collaboration, a bottom-up local adaptation of former working spaces to a more social and collaborative functions. This is the case of Can Batlló in the neighborhood of Sants in Barcelona the process started by social movements to prevent the old huge factory premises to be turned down and to follow a process of private housing development. Eight hectares of central city land in a working class neighborhood with industrial heritage premises have been in struggle for twenty years and finally the agreement has been set in a cooperative form managing the premises, the social activities program and the space devoted to economic activities. The purpose of this paper is to study both the taking over traditional industry spaces and reconceptualizing them into new work places by economic activities which their primary focus are not the pure economic profit.

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.26119.19368

urban_transitions.pdf
The economic transformations of inner urban areas. The Barcelona´s Trafalgar Garment District
VICENTE-SALAR, R., Pallares-Barbera, M. & Vera-Martin, A., 2017. The economic transformations of inner urban areas. The Barcelona´s Trafalgar Garment District . In The Association of American Geographer’s Meeting 2017, April 5-9. Boston. Boston.Abstract

The globalization of the economy has direct consequences in the transformation of inner urban spaces. The competition between higher and lower value-added activities for locating in central urban spaces causes the displacement or the disappearance of the latter. Thus, inner urban spaces are accommodating new economic activities related to culture, creativity, knowledge, with massive use of ICTs, and tourism, to the detriment of traditional activities. The Trafalgar Garment District (TGD), located in downtown Barcelona, is an economic urban space historically devoted to the garment wholesaling trade. External and internal shocks to the textile industry in the last 50 years caused, firstly, the disintegration of the Catalonian garment regional cluster which supplied textile goods to wholesale firms in TGD. Secondly, they also caused either the disappearance or the relocation of wholesale firms to the metropolitan area. As a result, the TGD`s empty spaces have become occupied with firms related to the lodging industry and to the new economy. In the case of the lodging industry, TGD has become a hot spot reflecting in the building of new hotels. Regarding new economy firms, they are microbusinesses concentrating in co-workings and fab labs. The consequence of the increase of higher value-added firms in the TGD is the bloom of businesses which satisfied higher-skilled worker`s demands as fancy restaurants, art galleries and other cultural amenities. In spite of this fact, some wholesale firms still remain. They are adopting new management strategies, upgrading their products and restructuring their internal organization to become more competitive.
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.15738.29128

the_economic_transformations_of_inner_urban_areas._the_barcelonas_trafalgar_garment_district.pdf
1.       Territorial disparity in Ecuador through the structural gaps approach
CANELOS SALAZAR, R., Pallares-Barbera, M. & Vera-Martin, A., 2017. 1. Territorial disparity in Ecuador through the structural gaps approach. In The Association of American Geographer’s Meeting 2017. April 5-9. Boston. Boston.Abstract

 

Classical analysis of constraints and challenges associated with development in Latin American middle-income countries were done based on countries' per capita income levels. Since the first decade of the twenty-one century (CEPAL, 2012) the structural gap approach is an alternative criterion to that of per capita income. It identifies key areas where there are "gaps" that hamper their social and economic development (OECD, 2014); such as poverty, inequality, and social inclusion. In this article, we use hierarchical cluster analysis methods to study the socio-economic development of cities in Ecuador. The aim is to add depth and flexibility to study a more complex reality on the level of development inside a country. Therefore, from the resulting city taxonomy specific policies could be addressed to improve quality of live and sustainability of population.

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.18254.87362

ponencia_boston_aag_ramiro_canelos_7_abril.pdf
2016
Evolución de la especialización económica en espacios urbanos: distribución mayorista, empresas del conocimiento y turismo en el Distrito Textil de Trafalgar en Barcelona, 1940-2016
VICENTE-SALAR, R. & Pallares-Barbera, M., 2016. Evolución de la especialización económica en espacios urbanos: distribución mayorista, empresas del conocimiento y turismo en el Distrito Textil de Trafalgar en Barcelona, 1940-2016. VII Jornadas del Grupo de Trabajo de Geografía Económica. Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles. comunicacion.pdf
Espacios económicos emergentes en Barcelona a partir de la economía social. El Poblenou y Sants, 2008-2015
Dot, E. & Pallares-Barbera, M., 2016. Espacios económicos emergentes en Barcelona a partir de la economía social. El Poblenou y Sants, 2008-2015. VII Jornadas de Geografía Económica, 6-8 de Julio. Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, Grupo de Geografía Económica , 1 , pp. 57-63.Abstract

RESUMEN: En la segunda década del siglo XXI, el resurgimiento de la ciudad post-crisis ha dibujado espacios económicos emergentes en Barcelona a partir de la economía social. La investigación se fundamenta en averiguar porque en un determinado territorio existen factores impulsores de este tipo de iniciativas y en otros no. La hipótesis de trabajo es que en territorios con tradición asociativa se ha desarrollado un tejido donde el apoyo mutuo y la cooperación ha sido la base de la economía social. El objetivo de la investigación es la identificación de los agentes, la caracterización de las acciones y la valoración económica y social en los procesos bottom-up que surgen en el periodo 2008-2015. Los casos de estudio se centran en las iniciativas emprendedoras e innovadoras de dos barrios con larga tradición industrial y movimiento obrero: El Poblenou y Sants. La metodología está basada en la realización de entrevistas en profundidad, la recopilación de datos estadísticos y la observación participante no directa. Los resultados obtenidos pueden contribuir a valorar el papel de la economía social en el desarrollo territorial y su contribución al modelo de desarrollo económico y urbano de Barcelona.

 

Palabras-clave: Barcelona, Economía Social, Ciudad emprendedora, Espacio productivo.

espacios_economicos_emergentes_en_barcelona_a_partir_de_la_economia_social_dot_y_pallares.pdf

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