@report {wasil_using_2019,
	title = {Using Ideographic Measurement to Complement Standardized Symptom Questionnaires: Assessing Top Problems and Internalizing Symptoms in Kenyan Adolescents},
	year = {Submitted},
	institution = {PsyArXiv},
	type = {preprint},
	abstract = {Children and adolescents in non-western settings and low-resource environments may experience distinctive problems and psychiatric symptoms. Researchers and policymakers often aim to understand those problems and symptoms using standardized nomothetic assessment tools. These tools tend to be validated on western samples and may {\textquotedblleft}miss{\textquotedblright} problems that are prevalent and important in non-western cultures. Brief, low-cost, idiographic assessment tools may help identify these concerns, usefully complementing traditional measurements. To examine this idea, we applied the Top Problems Assessment (Weisz et al., 2011) and two standardized measures of depression and anxiety to 100 adolescents from Kibera, a resource-poor urban settlement in Kenya. Data were collected from early June to July of 2018. The Top Problems Assessment asked students to identify their three most important problems. We then a) applied thematic analysis (Braun \&amp; Clark, 2006) to identify the most frequently reported types of problems and b) analyzed the depressive and anxiety symptoms most frequently endorsed on the standardized measures. Standardized assessment revealed that worrying and difficulty concentrating were the most commonly reported symptoms. On the Top Problems Assessment, 61\% of the sample reported a social problem, 38\% a cognitive problem, and 35\% an economic problem. By contrast, emotional and behavioral problems assessed via the standardized measures were reported as top problems by only 17\% of the sample. The Top Problems Assessment yielded specific problems faced by Kenyan youth that may not have emerged through a routine assessment using standardized measures. Our findings are the first to demonstrate that the Top Problems Assessment can be used to identify locally relevant concerns that may be missed by commonly used standardized measures. Overall, our findings suggest that idiographic assessments like the Top Problems Assessment can produce culturally relevant information and usefully complement standardized measurement tools.},
	doi = {10.31234/osf.io/9v4my},
	url = {https://osf.io/9v4my},
	author = {Wasil, Akash and Venturo-Conerly, Katherine E. and Gillespie, Sarah and Osborn, Tom L and Weisz, John R.}
}
